Tactile paving surfaces guide blind and visually impaired persons.Perception of the 'blister' surface with feet or stick helps these individuals to move around freely with no obstacles.The tactile paving surfaces warn people that a flight of stairs,a road crossing or some other hazard is ahead,and are designed to be installed onto pedestrian surfaces such as stairs, escalators, pedestrian crossings or waiting platforms.These tactile warning surfaces comprise tactile studs,tactile plates,tactile directional bars and tactile mats.On tactile studs, the traditional shank method, adhered versions or TPU hammer-in rib design offer an incredibly versatile system that can provide an instant tactile surface to any platform edge, stairway or ramp due to their unique installation methods.